ers to design and devise a change plan,
emphasizing creation.
In the end, associations should
develop activities that make the best
use of resources and meet stated
member needs. Data analysis provides
direction and assigns priorities, while
developing objectives that fulfill the dif-
ferent needs of learners allows you to
create education that is meaningful and
focused on change.
Michelle Adams is president of the Illinois Alliance
for Continuing Medical Education. She serves as a
consultant to nonprofit groups and may be reached
at
mjadams1693@yahoo.com.
Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy of Learning Domains
CATEGORY
EXAMPLES AND KEYWORDS (VERBS)
Remembering: Recalling previous
learned information.
Examples: Recites a policy. Quotes prices from memory to a customer.
Knows the safety rules.
Keywords: defines, describes, identifies, knows, labels, lists, matches,
names, outlines, recalls, recognizes, reproduces, selects, states
Understanding: Comprehending
the meaning, translation, interpolation and interpretation of
instructions and problems. State
a problem in one’s own words.
Examples: Rewrites the principles of test writing. Explains in one’s own
words the steps for performing a complex task. Translates an equation into a
computer spreadsheet.
Keywords: comprehends, converts, defends, distinguishes, estimates,
explains, extends, generalizes, gives an example, infers, interprets, paraphrases, predicts, rewrites, summarizes, translates
Applying: Using a concept in a
new situation or unprompted use
of an abstraction. Applying what
was learned in the classroom into
novel situations in the workplace.
Examples: Uses a manual to calculate an employee's vacation time. Applies
laws of statistics to evaluate the reliability of a written test.
Keywords: applies, changes, computes, constructs, demonstrates, discovers, manipulates, modifies, operates, predicts, prepares, produces, relates,
shows, solves, uses
Analyzing: Separating material or
concepts into component parts so
that its organizational structure
may be understood. Distinguishing between facts and inferences.
Examples: Troubleshoots a piece of equipment by using logical deduction.
Recognizes logical fallacies in reasoning. Gathers information from a department and selects the required tasks for training.
Keywords: analyzes, breaks down, compares, contrasts, diagrams, decon-structs, differentiates, discriminates, distinguishes, identifies, illustrates,
infers, outlines, relates, selects, separates
Evaluating: Making judgments
about the value of ideas or materials.
Examples: Selects the most effective solution. Hires the most qualified candidate. Explains and justifies a new budget.
Keywords: appraises, compares, concludes, contrasts, criticizes, critiques,
defends, describes, discriminates, evaluates, explains, interprets, justifies,
relates, summarizes, supports
Creating: Building a structure or
pattern from diverse elements.
Putting parts together to form a
whole, with emphasis on creating
a new meaning or structure.
Examples: Writes a company operations or process manual. Designs a
machine to perform a specific task. Integrates training from several sources
to solve a problem. Revises a process to improve the outcome.
Keywords: categorizes, combines, compiles, composes, creates, devises,
designs, explains, generates, modifies, organizes, plans, rearranges, reconstructs, relates, reorganizes, revises, rewrites, summarizes, tells, writes
